Quality (0–100) — business quality across ten areas: profitability and its consistency, growth and its discipline, balance-sheet strength, capital allocation, market standing, management, and integrity/governance signals from the filings. Higher is better; it says nothing about the price.

Discount to fair value — we estimate what a share is worth from the owner-earnings the business can produce (a cash-flow model blended with a conservative no-growth floor), then compare that to the market price. A positive discount is a margin of safety.

Our call — Buy candidate: a wonderful business below fair value. Watch: quality, but wait for a better price. Avoid: a serious red flag in the filings. Not rated: too little to judge yet.

A green ● next to a company means we’ve done an in-depth read of its filings, beyond the numbers.

Educational research only — not investment advice. Figures are estimates from public data and can contain errors.